RHCSA - exam
1. Understand and use Essential Tools
a) Access a shell prompt and issue commands with correct syntax
b) Use input-output redirection (>,>>,},2>,etc.)
-the stdin device is the keyboard
-the sdout device is the screen
-the stderr device is reserved for error outputs
-the most common use of output redirection is collect the output of a command into a file for example , ls -la > listing will store the output of ls -la in a file named listing
- you can also append data to a file . That is done by using >> . For example, echo "This is a test." >> /var/log/messages will just add the end of the messages file.
c) Use grep and regular expressions to analyze text
d) Access remote systems using ssh
e) Log in and switch users in multiuser targets
f) Archive, compress, unpack, and uncompress files using tar, star, gzip, and bzip2
g) Create and edit text files
h) Create, delete, copy, and move files and directories
i) Create hard and soft links
j) List, set, and change standard ugo/rwx permissions
h) Locate, read, and use system documentation including man, info, and files in /usr/share/doc
2. Operate Running Systems
a) Boot, reboot, and shut down a system normally
b) Boot systems into different targets manually
c) Interrupt the boot process in order to gain access to a system
d) Identify CPU/memory intensive processes, adjust process priority with renice, and kill processes
e) Locate and interpret system log files and jurnals
f) Access a virtual machine's console
g) Start and stop virtual machines
h) Start, stop, and check the status of network services
i) Securely transfer files between systems
3. Configure Local Storage
a) List, create, delete partitions on Mbr and GPT disks
b) Create and remove physical volumes, assign physical volumes to volume groups, and create and delete logical volumes to volume groups, and create and delete logical volumes
c) Configure systems to mount file systems at boot by Universally Unique ID (UUID) or label
d) Add new partitions and logical volumes, and swap to a system non-destructively
4. Deploy, Configure, and Maintain Systems
a) Configure networking and hostname resolution statically or dynamically
b) Schedule tasks using at and cron
c) Start and stop services and configure services to start automatically at boot
d) Configure systems to boot into a specific target automatically
e) Install Red Hat Enterprise Linux systems as virtual guests
f) Configure systems to launch virtual machines at boot
g) Configure network services to start automatically
h) Configure a system to use time services
i) Install and update software packages from Red Hat Network, a remote repository, or from the local file system
packet manager - is a piece of software , a piece of code which enables you to pull from a remote location namely from the repositories any piece of code that is within those repositories.
yum - Default RedHat Packet Manager
j) Update the kernel package appropriately to ensure a bootable system
k) Modify the system boot loader
5. Manage Users and Groups
a) Create, delete, and modify local user accounts
b) Change passwords and adjust password aging for local user accounts
c) Create, delete, and modifiy local groups and group memberships
d) Configure a system to use an existing authentication service for user and group information
6. Manage Security
a) Configure firewall settings using firewall-config, firewall-cmd, or iptables
b) Configure key-based authentication for SSH
c) Set enforcing and permissive modes for SELinux
d) List and identify SELinux file and process context
e) Restore defautlt file contexts
f) Use boolean settings to modify system SELinux settings
g) Diagnose and address routine SELinux policy violations
7. Exam Enviorment
-the testing machine, and your brain
-there is no outside internet connection
-rememeber - man pages and /usr/share/doc is your friend, -h, --help
-read all the task first and jump on the ones that look easy
- do not lose track of time
8. RHEL 8 RHCSA - Update Plans
- During Red hat Summit 2019 (specifically on May 7th, 2019) Red Hat announced that the newest version of their Red Hat Enterprise Linux product - RHEL 8 - has moved from Beta to General Availability
-They also announced that the Red Hat Certified System Administrator course and exam would be published soon after the General Availability date.
-More objectives required in the RHCSA 8 exam are the same as the RHCSA 7 objectives. This means that this course will still work to prepare you for the new exam
-Red Hat has said that you can choose either RHEL 7 or RHEL 8 for your exam until May of 2020. So if you have been studying for RHEL 7 , ypour work is not for nothing - you can still take the exam you have prepared for.
9. Commands
a) cd
cd ~/ #home directory of current user
b) pwd
c) ls
ls -l #
ls -la #
ls -R #
d) less
e) find
find /home/ name "file_1"
find -iname "file_1"
f) locate
locate filename # if this not work maybe db is not updated try next steps
sudo updatedb
locate -i template # by using -i you can provide template which you want find (example part of the name)
locate -b /home template# match only the base name of path names
g) updatedb
h) man
i) chown #change how owns the file
chown --version
chown root filename
chown root:root filename
chown -v root:root filename # verbose
j) chmod
COMMAND : OWNER : GROUP : WORLD : PATH
4 read (r)
2 write (w)
1 execute (x)
7 = 4+2+1 (read/write/execute)
6 = 4+2 (read/write)
5 = 4+1 (read/execute)
4 = 4 (read)
3 = 2+1 (write/execute)
2 = 2 (write)
1 = 1 (execute)
chmod 554 /home/file
chmod +x file
chmod -w file
chmod -R +x /home/testfolder/ # recusrive add rights
k) mv
mv filename new_filename # change filename
mv filename folder/ # move file to different folder
l) rm
rm -rf folder_name/ #removing folder with the conntent
m) cp
cp [FROM] [TO]
cp /home/user/filename Foldername/
n) grep
cat ECHO | grep -i hey # -i will omit case sensitivity
o) pipe
p) echo
echo "Hey" > ECHO # > replace content of the file
cat ECHO
echo "Hey" > ECHO
cat ECHO
echo "test\\" # \ will helps to view special characters
echo -e "hey there \n how are you" > ECHO #
r) cat
s)
t)
u)
w)
x)
y)
z)
a) Access a shell prompt and issue commands with correct syntax
b) Use input-output redirection (>,>>,},2>,etc.)
-the stdin device is the keyboard
-the sdout device is the screen
-the stderr device is reserved for error outputs
-the most common use of output redirection is collect the output of a command into a file for example , ls -la > listing will store the output of ls -la in a file named listing
- you can also append data to a file . That is done by using >> . For example, echo "This is a test." >> /var/log/messages will just add the end of the messages file.
c) Use grep and regular expressions to analyze text
d) Access remote systems using ssh
e) Log in and switch users in multiuser targets
f) Archive, compress, unpack, and uncompress files using tar, star, gzip, and bzip2
g) Create and edit text files
h) Create, delete, copy, and move files and directories
i) Create hard and soft links
j) List, set, and change standard ugo/rwx permissions
h) Locate, read, and use system documentation including man, info, and files in /usr/share/doc
2. Operate Running Systems
a) Boot, reboot, and shut down a system normally
b) Boot systems into different targets manually
c) Interrupt the boot process in order to gain access to a system
d) Identify CPU/memory intensive processes, adjust process priority with renice, and kill processes
e) Locate and interpret system log files and jurnals
f) Access a virtual machine's console
g) Start and stop virtual machines
h) Start, stop, and check the status of network services
i) Securely transfer files between systems
3. Configure Local Storage
a) List, create, delete partitions on Mbr and GPT disks
b) Create and remove physical volumes, assign physical volumes to volume groups, and create and delete logical volumes to volume groups, and create and delete logical volumes
c) Configure systems to mount file systems at boot by Universally Unique ID (UUID) or label
d) Add new partitions and logical volumes, and swap to a system non-destructively
4. Deploy, Configure, and Maintain Systems
a) Configure networking and hostname resolution statically or dynamically
b) Schedule tasks using at and cron
c) Start and stop services and configure services to start automatically at boot
d) Configure systems to boot into a specific target automatically
e) Install Red Hat Enterprise Linux systems as virtual guests
f) Configure systems to launch virtual machines at boot
g) Configure network services to start automatically
h) Configure a system to use time services
i) Install and update software packages from Red Hat Network, a remote repository, or from the local file system
packet manager - is a piece of software , a piece of code which enables you to pull from a remote location namely from the repositories any piece of code that is within those repositories.
yum - Default RedHat Packet Manager
j) Update the kernel package appropriately to ensure a bootable system
k) Modify the system boot loader
5. Manage Users and Groups
a) Create, delete, and modify local user accounts
b) Change passwords and adjust password aging for local user accounts
c) Create, delete, and modifiy local groups and group memberships
d) Configure a system to use an existing authentication service for user and group information
6. Manage Security
a) Configure firewall settings using firewall-config, firewall-cmd, or iptables
b) Configure key-based authentication for SSH
c) Set enforcing and permissive modes for SELinux
d) List and identify SELinux file and process context
e) Restore defautlt file contexts
f) Use boolean settings to modify system SELinux settings
g) Diagnose and address routine SELinux policy violations
7. Exam Enviorment
-the testing machine, and your brain
-there is no outside internet connection
-rememeber - man pages and /usr/share/doc is your friend, -h, --help
-read all the task first and jump on the ones that look easy
- do not lose track of time
8. RHEL 8 RHCSA - Update Plans
- During Red hat Summit 2019 (specifically on May 7th, 2019) Red Hat announced that the newest version of their Red Hat Enterprise Linux product - RHEL 8 - has moved from Beta to General Availability
-They also announced that the Red Hat Certified System Administrator course and exam would be published soon after the General Availability date.
-More objectives required in the RHCSA 8 exam are the same as the RHCSA 7 objectives. This means that this course will still work to prepare you for the new exam
-Red Hat has said that you can choose either RHEL 7 or RHEL 8 for your exam until May of 2020. So if you have been studying for RHEL 7 , ypour work is not for nothing - you can still take the exam you have prepared for.
9. Commands
a) cd
cd ~/ #home directory of current user
b) pwd
c) ls
ls -l #
ls -la #
ls -R #
d) less
e) find
find /home/ name "file_1"
find -iname "file_1"
f) locate
locate filename # if this not work maybe db is not updated try next steps
sudo updatedb
locate -i template # by using -i you can provide template which you want find (example part of the name)
locate -b /home template# match only the base name of path names
g) updatedb
h) man
i) chown #change how owns the file
chown --version
chown root filename
chown root:root filename
chown -v root:root filename # verbose
j) chmod
COMMAND : OWNER : GROUP : WORLD : PATH
4 read (r)
2 write (w)
1 execute (x)
7 = 4+2+1 (read/write/execute)
6 = 4+2 (read/write)
5 = 4+1 (read/execute)
4 = 4 (read)
3 = 2+1 (write/execute)
2 = 2 (write)
1 = 1 (execute)
chmod 554 /home/file
chmod +x file
chmod -w file
chmod -R +x /home/testfolder/ # recusrive add rights
k) mv
mv filename new_filename # change filename
mv filename folder/ # move file to different folder
l) rm
rm -rf folder_name/ #removing folder with the conntent
m) cp
cp [FROM] [TO]
cp /home/user/filename Foldername/
n) grep
cat ECHO | grep -i hey # -i will omit case sensitivity
o) pipe
p) echo
echo "Hey" > ECHO # > replace content of the file
cat ECHO
echo "Hey" > ECHO
cat ECHO
echo "test\\" # \ will helps to view special characters
echo -e "hey there \n how are you" > ECHO #
r) cat
s)
t)
u)
w)
x)
y)
z)
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